Europe’s push to accelerate clean industrial manufacturing is increasingly colliding with concerns over energy costs, competitiveness and decarbonisation speed, with new analysis warning that protectionist clean-tech policies could slow electrification, raise industrial costs and prolong dependence on imported fossil fuels. European industrial competitiveness concerns are reshaping the EU’s clean energy debate as policymakers weigh industrial resilience against affordable decarbonisation. Bruegel’s […]
