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The Three Seas Region, encompassing Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Romania, Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia, Slovenia and Greece, is at a strategic moment of restructuring its energy architecture. Decision made now have implications for energy security and U.S. LNG exports. This study presents the current state of LNG terminal infrastructure, existing supply contracts, the transmission pipeline network, logistical […]
Europe‘s energy security faces multiple threats and risks. The paper argues that over-reliance on diversification (e.g., of imports such as replacing Russian gas with Qatari LNG and diversifying the energy mix through an increase in renewable energy) won‘t be enough. This policy analysis identifies four major threat domains to energy security: (1) geopolitical coercion and cyberattacks; (2) infrastructural and systemic […]
LNG imports, coming mostly from the US, reached record high levels in April and remains very strong. As a result, EU gas storage levels increased by 25 percentage points in the last 3 months and now stands at 60%. The European Parliament vote to adopt more flexible rules to fill gas storage sites to 90% between 1 October and 1 […]
The latest IEA Quarterly Report renewed today and it notes that European LNG imports are expected to reach an all-time high in 2025, supported by stronger storage injections, higher domestic demand and lower piped gas supplies from Russia. It also notes that after years of decline Europe’s domestic gas production is expected to marginally increase… by around 3 bcm. This […]
It this latest edition of the “Energy Market Radar Germany” the focus is on the topic of municipal heat planning which became mandatory for all German municipalities in 2024. The briefing provides an analysis of the prices of heat supplied through district heating grids in Germany. Key takeaways include: The status of municipal heat planning varies considerably from region to […]
During the second week of July, electricity prices in most major European markets fell compared to the previous week, although in nearly all cases, weekly averages remained above €75/MWh. Throughout the week, France and Italy reached their highest-ever daily photovoltaic energy production, while Spain registered its highest level for a day in July. The drop in demand, due to milder […]
In 2025, we are seeing two trends that were not typical in 2024: significant volumes of gas are once again flowing from Austria to Hungary and CEEGEX prices are significantly higher than TTF prices. These two phenomena show a strong correlation. This year, following the halt of Ukrainian transit and Russian attacks on Ukrainian gas production, the eastern part of […]
A complete phase out of imports of Russian natural gas is envisaged for 1 January 2028. How can it be achieved? This European Union briefing on phasing out Russian fossil fuel imports outlines the current state of play. In 2022, EU leaders committed to phasing out Europe’s dependency on imported Russian natural gas, oil and coal. Last May, the Commission […]
According to this new OIES analysis, the Regulation to phase out Russian gas will struggle to execute the complete phase out of Russian gas for reasons largely related to the process and the rules that will govern it. These include the high-risk proposed route for buyers to stop imports under existing supply contracts and the absence of mitigation for those […]
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