High renewable output with low inertia and voltage/reactive power challenges can trigger wide-area instability – reinforcing the role of robust voltage control, system defence plans, and fast-responding thermal units (incl. CCGTs) in maintaining security of supply. On 28 April 2025 at 12:33 CEST, Spain and Portugal suffered the most severe power blackout in over 20 years. A cascade of renewable […]
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